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Understanding self-sustained crack propagation in snow – the key to predicting avalanche size

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/understanding-self-sustained-crack-propagation-in-snow/

If an avalanche is triggered, how large will it be? To answer this question, we will analyze unique data from field experiments to provide new insights into the process controlling avalanche release and avalanche size.
While in recent years computer models have been used to study this process, there

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Thermomechanical modelling of rock-ice avalanches for large scale hazard indication mapping in Uttarakhand Province, India

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/rock-ice-avalanches-in-india/

In this project, funded by the Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation (SDC / DEZA), we propose to apply large scale hazard indication mapping algorithms to the Himalayan province of Uttarakhand. Our goal is to identify unstable rock/ice masses and perform thermo-mechanical simulations – at the large-scale – to predict the danger of rock/ice avalanches, such as the recent event in Chamoli.
All of these events hence have disastrous consequences for people and infrastructures

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High-resolution stable isotope analysis of tree rings

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/high-resolution-climate-reconstruction/

Tree-ring d13C variations are a valuable archive of climatic information. A novel laser-ablation isotope-ratio mass-spectrometer enables to study variations within a single tree ring. We therefore plan to determine the occurrence of dry and wet periods of the past with unprecedented resolution.
Finanzierung Swiss National Science Foundation Tree-ring d13C variations have

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Phenotyping for adaptation (PhenoAdapt)

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/phenotyping-for-adaptation-phenoadapt/

The goal of this project is to contribute to the evaluation of non-native tree species that could potentially mitigate mortality in our forests, through scalable drone-based phenotyping approaches and the assessment of mechanistic traits, such as phenological plasticity and drought stress-resistance
conditions (i.e., assisted migration), is among the forest management practices that have

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Reactive nitrogen at the Climate, Energy, Agriculture, water, and health Nexus

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/reactive-nitrogen-at-the-climate-energy-agriculture-water-and-health-nexus/

This project aims to holistically understand and quantify nitrogen fluxes across and within compartments to predict the effects of energy transition and environmental changes from other drivers and provide stakeholders and policymakers with informed possible outcomes of future scenarios.
Researchers have until now mainly focused onindividual compartments, thereby largely

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Hydrological ensemble for high- and low-flows in Switzerland (Hydro-SMILE)

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/hydrological-ensemble-for-floods-and-droughts-in-switzerland-hydro-smile/

This project quantifies changes in high-end droughts and floods and their uncertainty for hydrological Switzerland in a warming climate by generating a hydrological Single Model Initial condition Large Ensemble (SMILE).
To date, few studies have combined atmospheric SMILEs with hydrological models to

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Knowledge Co-Production on Future Climate-change-induced Mass-movement Risks in Alpine Regions

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/knowledge-co-production-on-future-climate-change-induced-mass-movement-risks-in-alpine-regions/

Testing the value added of knowledge co-production among natural hazard researchers, natural hazard managers and local experts to achieve a shared understanding of future regional mass movement risks.
Regional stakeholders, experts in natural hazards management and scientists have

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Increasing cold stress on photosynthesis in a warming climate?

https://www.wsl.ch/de/projekte/cold-stress-mighgt-limit-carbon-gain-also-in-a-warming-climate/

Photosynthesis of forest ecosystems can be reduced in spring most likely due to cold temperatures. Such cold-related processes are, however, not captured in mechanistic models and we thus aim to assess the mechanisms and frequencies of such depressions and include them into models.
Federal Research Institute WSL Low temperatures, e.g., by late frost events, have

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