Primitive vertebrates with an adaptive immune system A key organ found in our adaptive immune system are more common than previously assumed: Max Planck researchers have demonstrated the presence of thymus-like structures in the primitive lamprey. The adaptive immune system is one of evolution’s greatest inventions: our bodies react to pathogens by producing highly specialised defence cells – the T lymphocytes which mature in the thymus – and antibodies that are capable of recognising the intruders, even years after the original exposure. Whether this ingenious defence system and the organs necessary for its functioning are an exclusive feature of higher vertebrates is a question that has preoccupied scientists for 150 years. A research group led by Thomas Boehm from the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics in Freiburg working in cooperation with American scientists has succeeded in providing a conclusive answer to this question: the scientists have discovered thymus-like tissue in lampreys, arguably the most primitive living vertebrates. Therefore, they too possess the central structure of specific immune defence. (Nature, February 3, 2011)
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