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One species, many origins

https://www.mpg.de/13917010/one-species-many-origins

A group of researchers argue that our evolutionary past must be understood as the outcome of dynamic changes in connectivity, or gene flow, between early humans scattered across Africa. Viewing past human populations as a succession of discrete branches on an evolutionary tree may be misleading, they said, because it reduces the human story to a series of “splitting times” which may be illusory.
Sure, non-Africans today have some ancestry from Neanderthals, and some have appreciable

Chemistry Nobel Prize 2021 for Benjamin List

https://www.mpg.de/17662517/nobel-prize-for-chemistry-2021-benjamin-list

Benjamin List, Director at the Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, is honoured with the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, together with David MacMillan from Princeton University, for their work on asymmetric catalysis. They have established for the first time that small organic molecules are suitable as mediators of chemical reactions. Previously, science assumed that only enzymes and metals, including often toxic heavy metals or expensive and rare precious metals, could accelerate chemical reactions and steer them in a desired direction. The small organic molecules that Benjamin List and Davin McMillan introduced as catalysts are particularly suitable for asymmetric synthesis. In this process, only one of two enantiomers is produced – these are molecules that are like the left and right hand, which emans they cannot be spatially aligned. Such molecules are involved in all biological processes and also play an important role as medical agents.
I’m sure others have tried it and know why it didn’t work…“

Anna Wessels Williams: female pioneer of vaccine innovation

https://www.mpg.de/20064597/anna-wessels-williams

Mercedes Gomez de Agüero, junior research group leader at the University of Würzburg (Max Planck Research Group), about the pioneering immunologist, bacteriologist and public health advocate Anna Wessels Williams (1863-1954), whose work was crucial in developing an effective treatment for diphtheria and who developed a rapid diagnostic test for rabies.
The scientific community for sure benefits from the diversity of perspectives and

NIST identifies four algorithms for post-quantum cryptography standardization

https://www.mpg.de/18924407/nist-post-quantum-cryptography-standardization

Whenever you visit a website, send an email, or do your online banking in the future, in many cases algorithms developed with the participation of researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy in Bochum and the Ruhr University Bochum will be used to encrypt your data. The American National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) has now announced which cryptographic methods it will standardize to protect communications from future quantum computer cyberattacks. Peter Schwabe, Group Leader at the Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy, was involved in the development of three of the selected procedures. Most online services use the methods standardized by the NIST.
As Schwabe admits: „We know for sure that this has happened in one case in the past

Using a challenge as an opportunity

https://www.mpg.de/15270069/local-authorities-migration-germany

When several hundred thousand refugees came to Germany within a very short space of time five years ago, the local authority administrations responsible were put to the test. While the situation presented a challenge to the state, together with its social security systems and administration, it was by no means overwhelming. Instead, the local administrative system proved its ability to deal with the crisis in 2015/16. However, asylum seekers were also excluded when they arrived in the local communities. This is the conclusion of a study by the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity in Göttingen, in which three communities in Lower Saxony were studied.
Instead, the administrations in many local authorities made sure that the new arrivals

„Short-term economic gain brings long-term losses“

https://www.mpg.de/13842698/rainforest-amazonas-fires-world-climate

This year, there are almost twice as many fires raging in the Amazon rainforest than there were last year. Many of them were presumably started by humans. The fires burn most easily in areas where the Amazon region is already damaged by extensive deforestation. An interview with Susan Trumbore, Director at the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry in Jena, about the importance of the Amazon rainforest and the threats to this unique ecosystem.
It’s hard to say for sure.