Export permits for CITES Appendix II species, or parts or products derived from these, require that the Scientific Authority of the exporting country carries out a Non-Detriment Finding (NDF). NDFs are a procedure to scientifically evaluate parameters such as species distribution and habitats, population status and trends, harvest practices, as well as volumes and impact of trade in target species. They result in a recommendation to the CITES Management Authority of the exporting state. In general this recommendation is made as a positive NDF (necessary precondition for a CITES permit) or a negative NDF.
only principle guidance documents and case studies have